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Refractory period after hyperventilation-induced asthma.

E Bar-Yishay, I Ben-Dov, S Godfrey

    The American Review of Respiratory Disease
    |May 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Hyperventilation challenges in asthmatic subjects show that breathing cold, dry air significantly reduces lung function. However, a preceding warm, humid air challenge prevents this effect, suggesting distinct mechanisms for hyperventilation- and exercise-induced asthma.

    Area of Science:

    • Respiratory Medicine
    • Pulmonary Physiology

    Background:

    • Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness.
    • Exercise-induced asthma is a common condition, but the mechanisms of other asthma triggers are less understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of isocapnic hyperventilation under different conditions on airway function in young asthmatic subjects.
    • To compare hyperventilation-induced bronchoconstriction with exercise-induced asthma and explore potential refractory mechanisms.

    Main Methods:

    • Nine young asthmatic subjects underwent isocapnic hyperventilation challenges breathing cold, dry air and warm, humid air.
    • Two pairs of tests were conducted: Pair A involved two cold, dry air challenges; Pair B involved a warm, humid air challenge followed by a cold, dry air challenge.

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  • Changes in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were measured to assess bronchoconstriction.

    • Main Results:

    • Cold, dry air hyperventilation caused a significant fall in FEV1 (39%).
    • A second cold, dry air challenge after the first resulted in a smaller FEV1 reduction (21%), indicating a refractory period.
    • A preceding warm, humid air hyperventilation challenge did not cause significant bronchoconstriction (6% FEV1 fall) and did not induce refractoriness to a subsequent cold, dry air challenge (38% FEV1 fall).

    Conclusions:

    • Hyperventilation-induced asthma by cold, dry air involves a refractory period, distinct from the initial challenge.
    • Warm, humid air hyperventilation does not induce asthma symptoms or refractoriness.
    • The findings suggest that hyperventilation-induced asthma and exercise-induced asthma may not share the same underlying mechanisms.