Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

11.5K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
11.5K
Mutations01:39

Mutations

94.6K
Overview
94.6K
Mutations01:35

Mutations

44.6K
Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
44.6K
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

15.0K
Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
15.0K
Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

40.0K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
40.0K
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

64.6K
In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
64.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The dose response principle from philosophy to modern toxicology: The impact of ancient philosophy and medicine in modern toxicology science.

Toxicology reports·2018
Same author

Common mental disorders and association with telomere length.

Biomedical reports·2018
Same author

Seasonal trends in the prevalence of hypospadias: Aetiological implications.

Experimental and therapeutic medicine·2017
Same author

miRNAs and their role in the correlation between schizophrenia and cancer (Review).

Molecular medicine reports·2016
Same author

Expression of c-myc p62 Protein in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas.

Leukemia & lymphoma·2016
Same author

Endometriosis and breast cancer: A survey of the epidemiological studies.

Oncology letters·2016

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Engineering Oncogenic Heterozygous Gain-of-Function Mutations in Human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
12:04

Engineering Oncogenic Heterozygous Gain-of-Function Mutations in Human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells

Published on: March 10, 2023

4.9K

Cellular oncogenes, mutations and cancer.

D A Spandidos

    Anticancer Research
    |March 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cancer development involves multistep somatic mutations activating potential cancer genes. These genes can transfer between cells, suggesting dominant mutations drive cancer progression, with human cancer gene isolation now achievable.

    More Related Videos

    Methods for Evaluating the Role of c-Fos and Dusp1 in Oncogene Dependence
    10:09

    Methods for Evaluating the Role of c-Fos and Dusp1 in Oncogene Dependence

    Published on: January 7, 2019

    8.7K
    A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors
    12:40

    A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors

    Published on: December 7, 2014

    15.3K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Feb 11, 2026

    Engineering Oncogenic Heterozygous Gain-of-Function Mutations in Human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
    12:04

    Engineering Oncogenic Heterozygous Gain-of-Function Mutations in Human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells

    Published on: March 10, 2023

    4.9K
    Methods for Evaluating the Role of c-Fos and Dusp1 in Oncogene Dependence
    10:09

    Methods for Evaluating the Role of c-Fos and Dusp1 in Oncogene Dependence

    Published on: January 7, 2019

    8.7K
    A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors
    12:40

    A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors

    Published on: December 7, 2014

    15.3K

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Cancer's multistep progression is supported by chemical carcinogenesis, epidemiology, and cell culture.
    • Somatic mutations in normal cellular sequences are implicated in cancer development.
    • Cancer genes possess the intrinsic potential to drive malignant transformation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explain the multistep nature of cancer through somatic mutations.
    • To investigate the role of gene transfer in cancer development.
    • To highlight the significance of isolating and characterizing human cancer genes.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of chemical carcinogenesis studies.
    • Epidemiological data review.
    • Cell culture experiments.
    • DNA transfer experiments to study gene function.

    Main Results:

    • Somatic mutations can lead to inappropriate expression of cellular sequences with cancer-driving potential.
    • Cancer genes can be transferred between cells, supporting the somatic mutation hypothesis.
    • DNA transfer of cancer genes suggests dominant acting mutations in transformed cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Cancer arises from a series of somatic mutations activating proto-oncogenes.
    • The transferability of cancer genes provides evidence for their role and dominant action.
    • Isolation and characterization of human cancer genes are now feasible, opening new research avenues.