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Related Experiment Videos

Running and breathing in mammals.

D M Bramble, D R Carrier

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |January 21, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Running mammals, including humans and animals, synchronize their breathing and movement. This vital locomotor-respiratory coupling aids sustained aerobic exercise in endothermic vertebrates.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomechanics
    • Exercise Physiology
    • Vertebrate Zoology

    Background:

    • Locomotion and respiration synchronization is observed in running mammals.
    • Quadrupeds typically exhibit a 1:1 stride-to-breath ratio during trot and gallop.
    • Human runners display varied but preferred phase-locked patterns, like 2:1.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the synchronization patterns between locomotion and respiration in running mammals.
    • To compare these patterns across different species, including quadrupeds and bipeds.
    • To understand the significance of this coupling for sustained aerobic exercise.

    Main Methods:

    • Observational studies recording limb and respiratory frequencies during locomotion.
    • Analysis of phase-locking ratios in various species (jackrabbits, dogs, horses, humans).

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  • Comparative analysis of synchronization patterns in quadrupeds versus bipeds.

    • Main Results:

    • Phase locking between limb and respiratory frequency confirmed in running mammals.
    • Quadrupeds maintain a consistent 1:1 ratio, while humans utilize multiple ratios, favoring 2:1.
    • Flying birds also exhibit phase-locked locomotor-respiratory cycles.

    Conclusions:

    • Locomotor-respiratory coupling is crucial for sustained aerobic exercise in endothermic vertebrates.
    • Despite reduced mechanical constraints in bipeds, synchronization remains important.
    • This coupling is particularly vital for species where locomotion stresses the thoracic complex.