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Cochlear synaptogenesis in the hypothyroid rat.

A Uziel, R Pujol, C Legrand

    Brain Research
    |April 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Congenital hypothyroidism severely impacts outer hair cell development in rat pups. This condition retards the postnatal maturation of outer hair cell innervation, affecting auditory function.

    Area of Science:

    • Oto-neurology
    • Developmental biology
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Congenital hypothyroidism is a condition present from birth that can affect development.
    • The cochlea's hair cells are crucial for hearing, with inner and outer hair cells having distinct developmental timelines.
    • Synaptogenesis, the formation of synapses, is critical for neural communication, including auditory pathways.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of congenital hypothyroidism on cochlear synaptogenesis in developing rats.
    • To identify specific abnormalities in hair cell innervation caused by hypothyroidism during the postnatal period.

    Main Methods:

    • Transmission electron microscopy was used to examine cochlear tissues.
    • Propylthiouracil (PTU) was administered to induce congenital hypothyroidism in rat pups.

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  • A control group of rat pups was maintained for comparison.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences in inner hair cell synaptogenesis were observed between hypothyroid and control groups.
    • Hypothyroidism led to numerous abnormalities in outer hair cell synaptogenesis.
    • Observed abnormalities included persistent afferent dendrites, incomplete efferent terminal development, and absent postsynaptic cisterns in outer hair cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Congenital hypothyroidism causes severe retardation in the postnatal development of outer hair cell innervation.
    • The findings highlight the critical role of thyroid hormones in the proper development of auditory synapses in outer hair cells.