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Echocardiography in pulmonary embolism.

S Vardan, S Mookherjee, H S Smulyan

    Japanese Heart Journal
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Echocardiography can help diagnose acute pulmonary embolism. A normal echocardiogram is unlikely with significant pulmonary embolism, as it often shows abnormal heart dimensions and motion.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Diagnostic Imaging

    Background:

    • Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) poses diagnostic challenges.
    • Echocardiography is a non-invasive tool for cardiac assessment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the utility of echocardiography in diagnosing acute pulmonary embolism.
    • To identify echocardiographic markers indicative of PE.

    Main Methods:

    • Echocardiography was performed on 10 patients with suspected acute pulmonary embolism.
    • Pulmonary angiography was used to confirm diagnosis in ambiguous cases.
    • Key echocardiographic parameters including right ventricular end-diastolic dimension (RV-EDD), left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LV-EDD), RVEDD/LVEDD ratio, and posterior aortic wall O-V excursion (PAW-OV-Ex) were analyzed.

    Main Results:

    • Three patients with normal echocardiograms were diagnosed with PE excluded by angiography.
    • Five patients showed increased RV-EDD, and four had reduced LV-EDD.
    • An increased RVEDD/LVEDD ratio was observed in four patients, with three exhibiting paradoxical septal motion.
    • PAW-OV-Ex correlated significantly with LVEDD and RVEDD/LVEDD ratio.
    • Follow-up echocardiography in recovered patients demonstrated normalization of these parameters.

    Conclusions:

    • Echocardiography can reveal characteristic cardiac changes in patients with acute pulmonary embolism.
    • Abnormalities in ventricular dimensions, septal motion, and aortic wall excursion are significant indicators.
    • A completely normal echocardiogram is unlikely in hemodynamically significant pulmonary embolism.

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