Autonomic neuropathy: the diagnosis.

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Physiology

Background:

• Autonomic neuropathy diagnosis is difficult due to late-onset and non-specific clinical symptoms.
• Objective diagnostic methods are needed to overcome clinical assessment limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recently developed, quantifiable autonomic nerve function tests.
• To emphasize the physiological basis and practical applicability of these tests.
• To propose diagnostic criteria for autonomic neuropathy based on test results.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on autonomic nerve function tests.
• Analysis of the physiological underpinnings of selected tests.
• Evaluation of the practical utility and reproducibility of diagnostic methods.

Main Results:

• Several recently developed autonomic nerve function tests offer quantifiable and reproducible assessments.
• These tests provide objective measures to aid in diagnosing autonomic neuropathy.
• The review details the physiological basis and practical considerations for test application.

Conclusions:

• Autonomic nerve function tests are crucial for establishing a diagnosis of autonomic neuropathy.
• Suggested diagnostic criteria based on these tests can improve diagnostic accuracy.
• Early and accurate diagnosis can potentially lead to better patient management.