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Nitrogen metabolism in the gut.

O Wrong

    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    |September 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Intestinal bacteria significantly break down human nitrogenous wastes like urea, creatinine, and uric acid. Urea breakdown produces ammonia, which is absorbed in the colon with bicarbonate

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Human Physiology
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Major human nitrogenous wastes include urea, creatinine, and uric acid.
    • Intestinal bacteria play a role in metabolizing these waste products.
    • The exact mechanisms and implications of this metabolism are not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the degradation of major human nitrogenous wastes by intestinal bacteria.
    • To explore the potential role of breakdown products in uremic toxicity.
    • To understand the absorption of ammonia in the colon.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of nitrogenous waste product degradation by intestinal bacteria.
    • Identification of breakdown products and metabolites.
    • Investigation of ammonia absorption mechanisms in the colon.

    Main Results:

    • Significant degradation of urea, creatinine, and uric acid by intestinal bacteria was observed.
    • Breakdown products of creatinine and uric acid may contribute to uremic toxicity.
    • Urea hydrolysis likely produces ammonia, though the precise site and its role as the primary ammonia source remain uncertain.
    • Ammonia absorption from the colon is facilitated by bicarbonate ions.

    Conclusions:

    • Intestinal bacteria extensively metabolize key human nitrogenous wastes.
    • Metabolites of creatinine and uric acid warrant further investigation for their role in uremic toxicity.
    • Ammonia absorption in the colon is a significant process influenced by colonic mucosal bicarbonate secretion.

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