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Related Experiment Videos

The "TWAp" in the lead standard.

J L Hickey

    American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal
    |April 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    OSHA

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    Area of Science:

    • Occupational Health and Safety
    • Industrial Hygiene
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Current Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) practices allow adjustments to the permissible exposure limit (PEL) for inorganic lead based on work schedules.
    • These adjustments can lead to significantly higher or lower allowable lead exposure compared to standard work schedules.
    • The existing procedure permits compliance solely through work schedule manipulation, without actual reduction in lead exposure.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the current OSHA practice for adjusting inorganic lead PELs for non-standard work schedules.
    • To evaluate the impact of work schedule adjustments on permissible lead exposure levels.
    • To propose a method for standardizing exposure calculations and eliminating variability.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of existing OSHA guidelines and the OSHA Field Operations Manual.
    • Examination of the PEL adjustment procedure for inorganic lead.
    • Comparative assessment of exposure limits under different work schedules.

    Main Results:

    • The PEL adjustment procedure can result in a wide range of allowable lead exposures, varying by up to sevenfold depending on the work schedule.
    • Work schedule manipulation alone can be used to achieve compliance with lead exposure standards.
    • Calculating exposure on a weekly basis, as per the OSHA Field Operations Manual, can eliminate this seven-fold range.

    Conclusions:

    • Current OSHA practices for adjusting inorganic lead PELs for unusual work schedules are problematic and allow for significant variability in exposure.
    • The ability to achieve compliance solely by altering work schedules without reducing lead exposure is a critical flaw.
    • Implementing a weekly exposure calculation method would standardize compliance and reduce the potential for excessive exposure.

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