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The equine spleen: an electron microscopic analysis.

F Tablin, L Weiss

    The American Journal of Anatomy
    |April 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The equine spleen stores large blood volumes in its red pulp, releasing it rapidly via adrenergic nerves and specialized venules. This structure also supports immune functions through antigen-presenting cells in the red pulp.

    Area of Science:

    • Equine anatomy and physiology
    • Comparative immunology
    • Vascular biology

    Background:

    • The equine spleen is known for its capacity to store and release significant blood volumes.
    • Adrenergic stimulation triggers rapid blood release from the equine spleen.
    • The structural basis for this function is not fully elucidated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the structural features of the equine spleen responsible for blood storage and rapid release.
    • To examine the role of red pulp architecture and innervation in splenic function.
    • To identify the presence and location of antigen-presenting cells within the equine spleen.

    Main Methods:

    • Histological examination of equine spleen tissue.
    • Analysis of red pulp structure, including reticular cells and venules.

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  • Immunohistochemical identification of nerve fibers and antigen-presenting cells.

    • Main Results:

    • The equine spleen's red pulp features a reticular meshwork with specialized reticular cells rich in microfilaments and innervated by adrenergic nerves.
    • Pulp venules possess large apertures, facilitating rapid blood flow.
    • Antigen-presenting cells are located in the white pulp and the periarterial macrophage sheath of the red pulp.

    Conclusions:

    • The equine spleen's unique red pulp structure, contractile reticulum, and open venous vasculature enable large-scale blood storage and rapid release.
    • The presence of antigen-presenting cells in the red pulp's periarterial macrophage sheath indicates an important immunological role in antigen capture.