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Fetal H-Y typing using human amniotic fluid.

G C Koo, J A Reidy, U Hammerling

    American Journal of Reproductive Immunology : AJRI : Official Journal of the American Society for the Immunology of Reproduction and the International Coordination Committee for Immunology of Reproduction
    |March 1, 1983
    PubMed
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    Fetal H-Y typing using amniotic fluid shows promise for sex determination. Male fetal fluid significantly inhibits H-Y antigen reactivity, enabling accurate sex identification.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunogenetics
    • Reproductive Biology
    • Fetal Development

    Background:

    • The H-Y antigen is a male-specific antigen conserved across vertebrates.
    • Previous research suggested soluble H-Y antigens exist in male biological fluids.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the feasibility of fetal H-Y typing for sex determination.
    • To correlate H-Y antigen presence in amniotic fluid with fetal sex.

    Main Methods:

    • Tested over 50 amniotic fluid samples from male and female fetuses.
    • Assessed inhibition of monoclonal antibody reactivity in a standard H-Y assay.
    • Utilized protein A sheep red blood cells for H-Y typing.

    Main Results:

    • Amniotic fluids from male fetuses inhibited 40% of H-Y reactivity.

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  • Amniotic fluids from female fetuses inhibited only 0.5% of H-Y reactivity.
  • Accurate fetal sex identification achieved in 90% of males and 100% of females.

    • Conclusions:

    • Fetal H-Y typing in amniotic fluid is a feasible method for sex determination.
    • The presence of inhibitory H-Y antigen(s) in male amniotic fluid is confirmed.
    • This technique offers a potential diagnostic tool for prenatal sex identification.