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An approach to urticaria.

Y C Giam, V S Rajan

    Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study investigated the causes of chronic urticaria in 100 patients. Identifying triggers like foods and physical factors helped manage symptoms, though many cases remained idiopathic.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Allergology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Chronic urticaria presents a diagnostic challenge for clinicians and a significant burden for patients.
    • Understanding the etiology of chronic urticaria is crucial for effective management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the underlying causes and identify potential triggers in a cohort of patients with chronic urticaria.
    • To assess the prevalence of physical urticaria, drug reactions, and food sensitivities.

    Main Methods:

    • A comprehensive evaluation of 100 chronic urticaria patients, including detailed history, physical examination, and a diagnostic screening tray.
    • Diagnostic methods included basic hematological tests, urinalysis, stool analysis, physical allergy tests, and food provocation tests.

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    Main Results:

    • Physical urticaria was identified in 17% of patients (cold, pressure, cholinergic, solar, delayed dermographism).
    • Adverse reactions to aspirin and tetracycline were noted, along with one case of undiagnosed thyrotoxicosis.
    • Food provocation tests revealed sensitivities to aspirin (13%), color dyes (6%), and preservatives (3%), suggesting these as aggravating factors rather than primary causes. Dermographism was present in 48% of patients.

    Conclusions:

    • A significant percentage (77%) of chronic urticaria cases remained idiopathic, consistent with existing literature.
    • Systematic exclusion of treatable causes provided reassurance to patients.
    • Long-term antihistamine therapy was the primary treatment modality employed.