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Exercise induced pulmonary vasoconstriction.

T J Kulik, J L Bass, B P Fuhrman

    British Heart Journal
    |July 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Children with congenital heart defects may experience exercise-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction, a concerning rise in pulmonary vascular resistance during physical activity. This may signal developing pulmonary hypertension post-surgery.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Cardiology
    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Pulmonary Hypertension

    Background:

    • Pulmonary vascular resistance typically decreases or stays stable during exercise.
    • Children with repaired congenital heart defects (ventricular septal defect, truncus arteriosus) were studied.
    • Pre-operative pulmonary hypertension was present in the study group.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate exercise hemodynamics in children post-congenital heart defect repair.
    • To identify abnormal pulmonary vascular resistance responses during exercise.
    • To explore potential causes and implications of exercise-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction.

    Main Methods:

    • Cardiac catheterization during exercise in seven children post-surgery.
    • Measurement of pulmonary vascular resistance, cardiac output, and oxygen consumption.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of blood gases and left atrial pressure during exercise.

    • Main Results:

    • Postoperative patients showed a 2% rise in total pulmonary vascular resistance during exercise, unlike the normal -18% fall.
    • Two patients exhibited significant increases in pulmonary arteriolar resistance during exercise.
    • These two patients had limited cardiac output increases despite elevated oxygen consumption, with no abnormal blood gases or left atrial pressure.

    Conclusions:

    • Exercise-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction may affect 10-25% of survivors of certain congenital heart defect repairs.
    • This phenomenon is not linked to abnormal blood gases or left atrial pressure.
    • Exercise-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction could be an early indicator of progressive pulmonary hypertension.