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Intrauterine intussusception: case report and literature review
Insights
Newborn intussusception, a rare cause of intestinal obstruction, requires early diagnosis. Prompt recognition of symptoms like vomiting and abdominal distension is crucial for survival in infants.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Surgery
- Neonatal Medicine
- Gastrointestinal Disorders
Background:
- Intussusception in newborns is an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction.
- It can be idiopathic or secondary to underlying lesions or diseases.
- Early diagnosis and treatment are critical for survival.
Observation:
- A case of jejunal atresia secondary to intrauterine intussusception is presented.
- A literature review identified less than 30 documented cases globally.
- Diagnostic clues include vomiting, abdominal distension, and bloody stools.
Findings:
- Intussusception incidence in neonates is low (0.3%).
- The clinical presentation can be confusing, leading to delayed surgical intervention.
- Vomiting (with or without bile), abdominal distension, and bloody stools are key indicators.
Implications:
- Increased awareness of diagnostic clues can improve outcomes for neonatal intussusception.
- Timely surgical intervention based on early signs is essential.
- Understanding this rare condition aids in reducing mortality in affected infants.
Abstract:
Intussusception in the newborn is a unique clinical entity, and one of the most unusual causes of intestinal obstruction in infants. Its cause can be idiopathic, secondary to a local lesion or a complication of disease. Early diagnosis and treatment are important, because survival depends on them. The authors report a case of jejunal atresia secondary to intrauterine intussusception, followed by a literature review. Less than 30 cases have been adequately documented in the world literature. Eight reports from the literature are selected to highlight clues for early diagnosis, such as vomiting, with or without bile, abdominal distension and bloody stools, because of their prognostic implications. Intussusception is rare under the age of 3 months; the incidence is 0.3% in the neonatal period. Previous reports indicate that a confusing clinical picture has led to a delay in operation and a high mortality. The ultimate outcome depends on an acute awareness of the condition in the presence of the diagnostic clues in a newborn.