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Cycle-dependent and time-dependent bone fracture with repeated loading.

D R Carter, W E Caler

    Journal of Biomechanical Engineering
    |May 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Human cortical bone fatigue was studied under tension-compression and zero-tension modes. Creep damage significantly influences fatigue failure in zero-tension tests, as predicted by a time-dependent model.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomaterials Science
    • Orthopedic Biomechanics
    • Skeletal Tissue Engineering

    Background:

    • Understanding human cortical bone's mechanical properties is crucial for predicting implant longevity and fracture risk.
    • Fatigue failure in bone is a complex process influenced by loading conditions and material degradation over time.
    • Previous research has established relationships in low-cycle fatigue but the role of creep in specific loading modes requires further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the fatigue behavior of human cortical bone under tension-compression (T-C) and zero-tension (O-T) loading.
    • To evaluate the applicability of a time-dependent failure model to creep-fracture and O-T fatigue data.
    • To determine the contribution of creep damage to fatigue failure in O-T loading of cortical bone.

    Main Methods:

    Related Experiment Videos

    • Performed fatigue tests on human cortical bone specimens up to 1.74 x 10^6 cycles.
    • Utilized stress-controlled, sinusoidal loading at 2Hz under both T-C and O-T modes.
    • Conducted tensile creep-fracture tests at constant stress levels.

    Main Results:

    • The relationship between initial cyclic strain range and cycles to failure in T-C specimens aligned with prior low-cycle fatigue findings.
    • Creep-fracture data correlated well with previous studies on strain rate effects on bone's monotonic tensile strength.
    • A time-dependent failure model accurately predicted failure times for O-T fatigue specimens.

    Conclusions:

    • The fatigue behavior of human cortical bone under T-C loading is consistent with established low-cycle fatigue models.
    • A time-dependent failure model effectively describes bone's response to creep-fracture and O-T fatigue.
    • Creep damage is a significant factor contributing to fatigue failure in human cortical bone under O-T loading conditions.