Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 5, 2026

Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication: A Functional Biomarker to Assess Adverse Effects of Toxicants and Toxins, and Health Benefits of Natural Products
05:27

Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication: A Functional Biomarker to Assess Adverse Effects of Toxicants and Toxins, and Health Benefits of Natural Products

Published on: December 25, 2016

Metabolic disposition and irreversible binding of 1-phenylcyclohexene in rats

S Chakrabarti, Y Y Song, F C Law

    Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
    |June 30, 1983
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Autoradiography as a Simple and Powerful Method for Visualization and Characterization of Pharmacological Targets10:16

    Autoradiography as a Simple and Powerful Method for Visualization and Characterization of Pharmacological Targets

    Published on: March 12, 2019

    In Silico Modeling Method for Computational Aquatic Toxicology of Endocrine Disruptors: A Software-Based Approach Using QSAR Toolbox05:47

    In Silico Modeling Method for Computational Aquatic Toxicology of Endocrine Disruptors: A Software-Based Approach Using QSAR Toolbox

    Published on: August 28, 2019

    Related Concept Videos

    Disubstituted Cyclohexanes: cis-trans Isomerism02:37

    Disubstituted Cyclohexanes: cis-trans Isomerism

    Depending upon the different spatial orientation of the substituents, the disubstituted cycloalkanes exhibit two types of stereoisomers. The cis isomers have the substituents on the same side of the ring, whereas the trans isomers have the substituents on the opposite sides. These stereoisomers exhibit different physical properties and cannot be interconverted without breaking the carbon-carbon bonds.
    In cyclohexane, the substituents can occupy different positions generating distinct isomers.
    Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

    Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

    Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
    Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group with both...
    Drug Distribution: Tissue Binding01:21

    Drug Distribution: Tissue Binding

    Upon entering the systemic circulation, drugs can distribute into the interstitial and intracellular fluid of various tissue cells. This distribution is facilitated by the binding of drugs to different cellular components within tissues, which may lead to drug accumulation in specific areas. Drugs bound to tissue components serve as reservoirs that release free drugs back into the system, prolonging the drug's overall action. However, this accumulation can also result in local toxicity.
    For...
    Drug Metabolism: Phase I Reactions01:17

    Drug Metabolism: Phase I Reactions

    A phase I reaction is a biochemical process that introduces a functionally reactive polar group to a substance. This transformation predominantly occurs in the liver, facilitated by the cytochrome P450 system of hemoproteins situated in the lipophilic endoplasmic reticulum of cells. The metabolite generated through this process can have varying polarities. If it is sufficiently polar, it can be easily excreted in the urine due to its water compatibility. However, if the metabolite is nonpolar,...
    Phase I Reactions: Oxidation of Aliphatic and Aromatic Carbon-Containing Systems01:19

    Phase I Reactions: Oxidation of Aliphatic and Aromatic Carbon-Containing Systems

    Phase I biotransformation reactions are integral to drug metabolism, predominantly involving oxidative, reductive, and hydrolytic transformations. Chief among these are oxidative reactions, which enhance the hydrophilicity of xenobiotics and introduce polar functional groups to facilitate their elimination from the body.
    Oxidation reactions are fundamental in aromatic carbon-containing systems. An example is the hydroxylation of phenobarbital, a process that transforms it into...
    Hepatic Drug Excretion: Enterohepatic Cycling01:17

    Hepatic Drug Excretion: Enterohepatic Cycling

    Enterohepatic cycling involves the active secretion of drugs and their metabolites into the bile via transporters in the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. This secretion is an integral part of the digestive process, releasing these substances into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
    Post-release drugs and metabolites can be reabsorbed into the body from the intestine. For conjugated metabolites like glucuronides, reabsorption requires enzymatic hydrolysis by intestinal microflora. This...