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Decrease in the levels of specific non-polysomal messenger ribonucleoproteins during the mouse sarcoma-180 ascites

T E Geoghegan, S J Knoop, C Chitpatima

    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
    |June 29, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Certain messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are translationally repressed in S-180 cells. These inactive mRNAs become active and translated specifically after the S phase of the cell cycle.

    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Non-polysomal messenger ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs) represent a pool of translationally restricted mRNAs.
    • Understanding the cell cycle regulation of mRNA translation is crucial for comprehending gene expression control.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate whether specific untranslated mRNAs remain repressed throughout the entire cell cycle.
    • To determine the cell cycle-specific translational regulation of certain mRNA species in S-180 ascites cells.

    Main Methods:

    • Enrichment of S-180 ascites cells in specific cell cycle stages using ficoll gradient centrifugation.
    • Analysis of mRNA distribution in polysomal and non-polysomal fractions across different cell cycle phases.
    • Hybridization of a cloned cDNA probe (P-40) to detect specific mRNA species in polysomal RNA.

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    Main Results:

    • "Inactive" mRNA species were detected in the pre-polysomal fraction of S and pre-S phase cells but not in the post-S phase mRNP fraction.
    • The P-40 mRNA species was found in significantly higher concentrations in polysomes from post-S phase cells, indicating translation after S phase.
    • A poly (A)-minus form of actin mRNA was exclusively observed in post-S phase cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific mRNAs are translationally regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner, becoming active after the S phase.
    • The observed translational control mechanisms contribute to the precise temporal regulation of protein synthesis during the cell cycle.