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Muscle changes in ankylosing spondylitis.

G O Hopkins, J McDougall, K R Mills

    British Journal of Rheumatology
    |August 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Muscle changes are common in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), impacting quadriceps strength and function. These histological findings may explain some clinical symptoms of AS.

    Area of Science:

    • Rheumatology
    • Neurology
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the axial skeleton.
    • The involvement of peripheral muscles in AS pathogenesis is not fully understood.
    • Investigating muscle changes could elucidate disease mechanisms and clinical manifestations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate histological and functional muscle changes in patients with classical ankylosing spondylitis.
    • To correlate muscle biopsy findings with quadriceps strength and electromyography results.

    Main Methods:

    • Muscle biopsies of the quadriceps femoris were performed on 20 AS patients.
    • Histological and histochemical analyses included nuclear position, fiber size, atrophy, and enzyme activity (acid phosphatase, NADH-TR).

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  • Quadriceps strength testing and surface electromyography were conducted on subsets of patients.

    • Main Results:

    • All biopsies showed varying degrees of muscle changes.
    • Common findings included central nuclear migration (80%), reduced fiber size/atrophy (40%), and altered enzyme reactions (75% acid phosphatase, 55% NADH-TR).
    • Reduced quadriceps strength (14/16 patients) and lower mean power frequency on electromyography (10 patients) were observed compared to controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Muscle pathology is a significant feature in ankylosing spondylitis.
    • These muscle alterations may contribute to the clinical symptoms and functional limitations experienced by AS patients.
    • Further research into muscle involvement could offer new therapeutic targets.