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Related Experiment Videos

Active inspiratory impedance in halothane-anesthetized humans.

P K Behrakis, B D Higgs, A Baydur

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |June 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Active breathing increases respiratory system impedance. Active elastance (E'rs) and resistance (R'rs) were higher than passive values, indicating an internal compensation mechanism for respiratory loads.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Respiratory Mechanics
    • Anesthesiology

    Background:

    • Understanding respiratory system mechanics is crucial for managing patients under anesthesia.
    • Active and passive properties of the respiratory system can differ significantly.
    • Previous methods for assessing respiratory impedance have limitations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine active elastance (E'rs) and flow resistance (R'rs) in spontaneously breathing, anesthetized humans.
    • To investigate the effect of external flow resistances on active respiratory system properties.
    • To explore the internal compensation mechanisms of the respiratory system during active breathing.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized the method described by Siafakas et al. (1981) for measuring respiratory impedance.

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  • Measured flow (V) and volume (V) during unoccluded inspirations.
  • Recorded tracheal pressure (P0tr) during occluded inspirations to calculate E'rs and R'rs.

    • Main Results:

    • Active elastance (E'rs) and flow resistance (R'rs) were determined in eight spontaneously breathing, halothane-anesthetized subjects.
    • Neither E'rs nor R'rs was significantly affected by added external flow resistances (delta R).
    • On average, E'rs was 34.4% and R'rs was 16.7% higher than passive respiratory system values.

    Conclusions:

    • Active breathing increases the internal impedance of the respiratory system compared to passive breathing.
    • The respiratory system possesses an internal mechanism to compensate for passive loads.
    • These findings have implications for respiratory management during anesthesia and mechanical ventilation.