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Skin burns from electrosurgical current.

J A Pearce, L A Geddes, J F Van Vleet

    Medical Instrumentation
    |May 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Electrosurgical current density and duration determine skin burn severity. High energy density factors (J2t) and temperatures above 55°C on porcine skin cause severe, third-degree burns.

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Electrosurgery

    Background:

    • Electrosurgery is widely used in surgical procedures.
    • Understanding the thermal injury caused by electrosurgery is crucial for minimizing tissue damage.
    • Quantifying the relationship between electrosurgical parameters and burn severity is essential for safety.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the energy density factor and temperature thresholds for producing thermal injury in porcine skin.
    • To correlate electrosurgical current density and duration with the severity of cutaneous burns.

    Main Methods:

    • Electrosurgical current density (J) at 500 kHz was applied to 34 skin sites on anesthetized pigs for specific times (t).
    • The energy density factor (J2t) was calculated to represent delivered energy.

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  • Cutaneous responses were assessed grossly and microscopically 56 hours post-exposure.

    • Main Results:

    • Low energy density (J2t = 0.20-0.70 A2/cm4.sec-1) resulted in mild burns or no damage, with temperatures up to 47°C.
    • Medium energy density (J2t = 0.70-1.60) caused second-degree burns, with temperatures between 49-55°C.
    • High energy density (J2t = 1.60-7.50) produced severe third-degree burns, with temperatures reaching 55-81°C.

    Conclusions:

    • Skin temperatures below 45°C (energy density factor of 0.75) did not cause significant damage.
    • Specific thresholds for energy density factor and temperature are identified for producing distinct degrees of thermal injury on porcine skin.
    • These findings provide critical data for optimizing electrosurgical techniques to prevent unintended tissue damage.