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Acute renal failure and coagulopathy after snakebite.

J White, R Fassett

    The Medical Journal of Australia
    |August 6, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    A western brown snakebite caused acute renal failure and coagulopathy. Specific antivenom effectively treated the coagulopathy, while renal function recovered after dialysis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Toxicology
    • Nephrology
    • Herpetology

    Background:

    • Snakebite envenomation is a significant medical concern, particularly in regions with venomous species like Australia.
    • Pseudonaja nuchalis, the western brown snake, is known to possess venom capable of causing severe systemic effects.

    Observation:

    • A non-fatal case of envenomation by Pseudonaja nuchalis resulted in acute renal failure and coagulopathy.
    • Initial polyvalent antivenom administration did not resolve the coagulopathy.

    Findings:

    • Rapid resolution of coagulopathy was achieved with large doses of specific western brown snake antivenom.
    • Acute renal failure required 12 days of haemodialysis before complete recovery.
    • No neurotoxic symptoms were observed in this case.

    Implications:

    • Prompt and appropriate antivenom therapy is crucial for managing snakebite-induced coagulopathy.
    • Specific antivenom may be more effective than polyvalent antivenom in certain cases.
    • Renal failure following snakebite can be severe but is potentially reversible with supportive care such as dialysis.

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