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Infective endocarditis caused by uncommon bacteria.

E Ben-Chetrit, M Nashif, Y Levo

    Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Uncommon bacteria cause 5.3% of endocarditis cases, including Pneumococcus and Haemophilus. Early diagnosis of these uncommon bacterial infections is crucial for better patient outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Cardiology
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Endocarditis is a serious infection, typically caused by common bacteria.
    • The role and prevalence of uncommon bacteria (UB) in endocarditis remain less understood.

    Observation:

    • A review of 13 series and 111 case reports identified UB in 5.3% of endocarditis patients.
    • Leading UB identified include Pneumococcus, Haemophilus sp., Corynebacterium sp., Neisseria sp., Streptobacillus moniliformis, Cardiobacterium hominis, and Erysipelothrix sp.

    Findings:

    • Infections by UB often mimic common bacterial endocarditis.
    • Haemophilus sp. is associated with arterial occlusions in younger patients, while Brucella shows aortic valve affinity.
    • UB are more prevalent in polymicrobial infections, leading to diagnostic delays.

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    Implications:

    • Increased awareness of UB is necessary for timely diagnosis.
    • Early detection and treatment of uncommon bacterial endocarditis can improve prognosis.
    • Further research into specific UB pathogens and their clinical presentations is warranted.