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Anti-M causing delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction.

J B Alperin, H Riglin, D R Branch

    Transfusion
    |July 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    A delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction occurred in a patient with M- red cells after receiving M+ red cells. This reaction was caused by the development of an anti-M antibody, leading to red blood cell destruction.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Transfusion Medicine
    • Hematology

    Background:

    • Delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (DHTRs) are a significant concern in transfusion medicine.
    • The MNS blood group system, including the M antigen, can elicit immune responses.
    • Antibody formation can lead to transfusion complications.

    Observation:

    • A 52-year-old woman with M-negative red blood cells received M-positive red blood cells.
    • The patient developed a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction post-transfusion.
    • An anti-M antibody was detected in the patient's serum.

    Findings:

    • Erythrocyte survival studies using 51Cr-labeled red blood cells demonstrated reduced survival of M+ cells compared to M- cells.
    • In vitro studies showed increased monocyte-macrophage phagocytosis of anti-M sensitized red blood cells.

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  • These findings directly implicate anti-M in the observed hemolysis.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights the importance of considering minor blood group antibodies, such as anti-M, in transfusion reactions.
    • Accurate pre-transfusion red cell phenotyping and antibody screening are crucial, even for delayed reactions.
    • Understanding the immunopathogenesis of anti-M mediated hemolysis can inform transfusion strategies and patient management.