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Observations on Echinococcus multilocularis in the definitive host.

R C Thompson, J Eckert

    Zeitschrift Fur Parasitenkunde (Berlin, Germany)
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Echinococcus multilocularis readily infects dogs, with adult worms concentrating in the posterior intestine. This parasite can produce eggs in just 28 days and coexist with Echinococcus granulosus in the same host.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Parasitology
    • Helminthology
    • Zoonotic Diseases

    Background:

    • Echinococcus multilocularis is a significant cause of alveolar echinococcosis.
    • Understanding its infection dynamics in definitive hosts is crucial for disease control.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the susceptibility of dogs and cats to a European Echinococcus multilocularis isolate.
    • To characterize the attachment and development of Echinococcus multilocularis in vivo.
    • To determine the reproductive capacity and potential for co-infection with Echinococcus granulosus.

    Main Methods:

    • Experimental infections were established in dogs and cats using a European Echinococcus multilocularis isolate.
    • Parasite distribution and attachment in the small intestine were examined.

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  • In vivo and in vitro studies were conducted to assess development and egg production timelines.
  • Concurrent infections with Echinococcus granulosus were performed in dogs.

    • Main Results:

    • Dogs showed susceptibility to Echinococcus multilocularis, with adult worms predominantly in the posterior small intestine.
    • Parasite attachment in dogs resembled Echinococcus granulosus, involving deep rostellar penetration.
    • Cats exhibited poor susceptibility.
    • Shelled eggs were produced as early as 28 days post-infection.
    • Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus co-developed and co-existed in dogs without mutual retardation.

    Conclusions:

    • Dogs are suitable hosts for Echinococcus multilocularis, with rapid egg production.
    • The rostellar morphology and attachment mechanism are conserved between Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus.
    • Co-infection with Echinococcus granulosus does not impede Echinococcus multilocularis development in dogs, highlighting potential complexities in parasite epidemiology.