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Cardiopulmonary function in very preterm lambs during liquid ventilation.

T H Shaffer, N Tran, V K Bhutani

    Pediatric Research
    |August 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Very preterm lambs ventilated with fluorocarbons maintained stable cardiopulmonary function. This liquid ventilation strategy supports lung development beyond surfactant system maturity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal Physiology
    • Respiratory Medicine
    • Liquid Ventilation

    Background:

    • Preterm birth presents significant respiratory challenges due to immature lung development.
    • The pulmonary surfactant system plays a critical role in air breathing, but its maturation is delayed in preterm infants.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of fluorocarbon-based liquid ventilation in supporting cardiopulmonary function in very preterm lambs.
    • To determine if liquid ventilation can extend the functional viability of preterm lungs beyond the limits imposed by surfactant deficiency.

    Main Methods:

    • Very preterm lambs (106 days gestation) were delivered via cesarean section and mechanically ventilated with oxygenated perfluorocarbon liquid for approximately 2 hours.
    • Cardiopulmonary parameters including gas exchange, cardiac function, lung compliance, and resistance were monitored.

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  • Transpulmonary pressure, liquid flow, and tidal volume were measured to calculate respiratory mechanics.

    • Main Results:

    • Adequate gas exchange and stable cardiac function were maintained throughout the 2-hour liquid ventilation period.
    • Lung compliance (CL = 0.58 ± 0.12 mL·cmH2O−1·kg−1) in fluorocarbon-filled lungs was comparable to mature, air-filled lungs.
    • Respiratory resistance (inspiratory: 3600 ± 604 cmH2O·L−1·sec−1; expiratory: 4034 ± 2183 cmH2O/L/sec) was determined.

    Conclusions:

    • Fluorocarbon liquid ventilation effectively supports cardiopulmonary function in very preterm lambs.
    • This method extends the potential viability of preterm lambs to the developmental stage of pulmonary capillaries, rather than being limited by surfactant system maturity.