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Neurotoxic effects of cisplatin therapy.
Archives of Neurology
|November 1, 1982
Summary
Cisplatin chemotherapy for sacrococcygeal teratoma caused optic disc swelling and spinal cord damage in a child. Postmortem examination revealed neuropathologic changes, highlighting potential neurotoxicity of this cancer treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Cisplatin (cis-dichlorodiammine platinum [II]) is a widely used chemotherapy agent for various cancers, including teratomas.
- While effective, cisplatin is known to have potential neurotoxic side effects.
Observation:
- A 3 1/2-year-old girl developed optic disc swelling and loss of tendon reflexes after receiving 11 high-dose courses of cisplatin for recurrent sacrococcygeal teratoma.
- Neuropathologic examination was performed postmortem.
Findings:
- Postmortem examination confirmed optic disc swelling.
- The spinal cord exhibited loss of myelinated fibers and gliosis in the dorsal columns.
- These findings represent the first documented neuropathologic changes associated with cisplatin therapy in a pediatric case.
Implications:
- This case highlights the potential for severe neurotoxicity from high-dose cisplatin therapy, even in pediatric patients.
- Understanding these neuropathologic changes is crucial for monitoring and managing cisplatin-induced neurological complications.
- Further research into the mechanisms of cisplatin neurotoxicity and potential preventative strategies is warranted.