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Retinal detachment in retrolental fibroplasia
Insights
Retinal detachment in premature infants receiving oxygen therapy can be either oedematous or rhegmatogenous. Early detection and intervention are crucial for managing cicatricial retrolental fibroplasia (RLF) to prevent vision loss.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neonatology
- Pediatric Surgery
Background:
- Retrolental fibroplasia (RLF) is a significant cause of blindness in premature infants.
- Supplemental oxygen therapy in incubators is a known risk factor for RLF.
- Retinal detachment is a severe complication of RLF.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the problems of retinal detachment in retrolental fibroplasia (RLF).
- To distinguish between types of retinal detachment in RLF.
- To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and management for RLF-related retinal detachment.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 92 premature children treated with supplemental oxygen over 10 years.
- Classification of retinal detachment types observed in RLF patients.
- Case presentation of a child with advanced cicatricial RLF and total retinal detachment.
Main Results:
- Two types of retinal detachment were identified: oedematous (stages III-V of active RLF) and rhegmatogenous (cicatricial RLF).
- Two cases of spontaneous regression of oedematous detachment were observed.
- One case of total retinal detachment in cicatricial RLF was diagnosed too late for effective intervention.
Conclusions:
- Early diagnosis of RLF-related retinal detachment is critical.
- Scleral buckling procedures show promise in early-diagnosed cases.
- Continuous monitoring of all children with RLF is essential for timely intervention and improved outcomes.
Abstract:
Problems of retinal detachment in retrolental fibroplasia (RLF) based on observations during 10 years of 92 premature children treated with supplemental oxygen in incubators are discussed. Two essential types of retinal detachment can be distinguished: the oedematous type in the stages III-V of the active phase of RLF and the rhegmatogenous type of cicatricial RLF. In our material 2 cases of oedematous detachment, which regressed spontaneously, were found. The case of a 10-year-old boy with total retinal detachment in cicatricial RLF, which was diagnosed too late, is presented. Since good results have been described after scleral buckling procedures in cases diagnosed early enough, all children with RLF should remain under steady control.