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The folate in human milk.

J M Cooperman, H S Dweck, L J Newman

    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    |October 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Human milk folate levels are low in colostrum but increase with lactation duration. Folate content varies significantly among women, but folic acid supplementation can effectively boost levels in deficient mothers.

    Area of Science:

    • Human milk composition
    • Nutritional biochemistry
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Previous folate analysis in human milk used turbidimetric methods.
    • Improved methods are needed for accurate folate quantification in human milk.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine folate content in human milk using an improved microbiological assay.
    • To investigate changes in milk folate during different lactation stages.
    • To assess the impact of folic acid supplementation on milk folate levels.

    Main Methods:

    • Human milk samples were collected serially from mothers (1 day to 6 months postpartum).
    • An improved microbiological assay involved treating milk with rennin and heat to precipitate proteins.
    • Folate conjugase was used to assess glutamate residues in milk folate.

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    Main Results:

    • Human milk folate has few glutamate residues, as indicated by folate conjugase treatment.
    • Colostrum showed lower folate levels compared to mature milk.
    • Milk folate concentration increased as lactation progressed, with significant inter-individual variation.
    • Folic acid supplementation in deficient mothers led to a rapid rise in milk folate.

    Conclusions:

    • The improved assay provides accurate folate quantification in human milk.
    • Lactation stage significantly influences milk folate content.
    • Maternal folate status, influenced by supplementation, directly impacts milk folate levels.