Spontaneous motility of the oviduct in the anaesthetized pig

Intraluminal pressure microtransducers were placed at the uterotubal junction, the proximal isthmus, the ampullary-isthmic junction and the mid-ampulla. Spontaneous motility occurred throughout the oestrous cycle in all segments. During oestrus there were regular, high amplitude peristaltic waves in all segments, superimposed on basal activity. On Day 1 of the cycle the pattern was mostly antiperistaltic, presumably related to sperm transport. During the periovulatory period the number of peristaltic and antiperistaltic waves became equal, perhaps in relation to the transport of gametes to the fertilization site. During Day 3 there was no peristaltic activity; the motility patterns of the isthmus and ampullary-isthmic junction were similar (regular phasic contractions of high frequency and amplitude) while the ampullary motility was low. On Day 4, when the eggs enter the uterine lumen, the ampullary-isthmic junction and particularly the isthmus showed strong contraction waves (mostly peristaltic) superimposed on the basal phasic activity. This suggests an active role of the smooth muscle of the lower oviducal segments in ovum descent. During the mid- and late-luteal phases, the isthmus remained motile, with an irregular base line, but lost the pattern of basal contractions that dominated the activity during the first 4 days of the cycle. The ampulla showed low levels of spontaneous motility throughout the rest of the cycle.