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Related Experiment Videos

Alterations in serum opsonic activity and complement levels in pneumococcal disease.

G S Giebink, T H Dee, Y Kim

    Infection and Immunity
    |September 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Serious pneumococcal disease activates complement, a key immune response. Extensive complement activation may reduce pneumococcal opsonic activity, potentially weakening host defenses against this infection.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Complement System

    Background:

    • Pneumococcal disease poses a significant threat, necessitating a deeper understanding of host defense mechanisms.
    • The complement system plays a crucial role in combating bacterial infections, including those caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of the complement system in patients with serious pneumococcal disease.
    • To determine the relationship between complement activation, pneumococcal opsonic activity, and patient outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Serum samples from 12 patients with acute pneumococcal disease were analyzed.
    • Measurements included pneumococcal opsonic activity, pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide antigen, and complement components (C3, C4, factor B) and their breakdown products.

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  • Covalescent serum samples were also obtained from eight patients.

    • Main Results:

    • One patient with reduced opsonic activity, low C3, and complement breakdown products died.
    • Eight patients showed signs of complement activation (depressed C3/C4 or breakdown products) but maintained normal opsonic activity.
    • Three patients had normal opsonic activity and complement levels.
    • Six of eight patients had normal C3 and C4 levels upon recovery, while two showed persistent C4 depression.

    Conclusions:

    • Complement activation is a common finding in serious pneumococcal disease.
    • Extensive complement activation may impair pneumococcal opsonic activity in some patients.
    • Compromised opsonic activity due to complement dysregulation could be a factor in severe outcomes of pneumococcal infections.