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Memory development in learning disabled children: evidence from nonverbal tasks.

H L Swanson

    The Journal of Psychology
    |September 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study found that learning disabled children

    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Developmental Psychology
    • Neuroscience

    Background:

    • The developmental lag hypothesis suggests learning disabled children exhibit cognitive delays compared to typically developing peers.
    • Previous research has explored memory deficits in learning disabled children, often attributing them to developmental lags.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the developmental lag hypothesis in learning disabled children using nonverbal memory tasks.
    • To examine memory recall patterns in two and three-dimensional nonverbal tasks for learning disabled boys.

    Main Methods:

    • Twenty-two learning disabled boys, aged 11, participated in the study.
    • A probe memory recall procedure was used to assess nonverbal memory performance.
    • Performance was analyzed across primacy and recency recall positions.

    Related Experiment Videos

    Main Results:

    • Age-equivalent recall patterns in learning disabled children were similar to those of normal children.
    • Constant age-related differences were observed in nonverbal recall.
    • The developmental memory lag interpretation appears confounded by generalized verbal deficits in learning disabled children.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings do not fully support a generalized developmental lag in nonverbal memory for learning disabled children.
    • Nonverbal memory performance shows age-related differences consistent with typical development.
    • Verbal deficits may confound interpretations of memory lag in learning disabled populations.