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Decrease in the phagocytic activity of peripheral monocytes in patients treated with human interferon-alpha.

S Einhorn, C Jarstrand

    Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Daily interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) injections in tumor patients reduced monocyte phagocytosis over time. Enhanced natural killer (NK) cell activity correlated with this decrease in immune cell function.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Oncology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) is used in cancer therapy.
    • Monocytes play a crucial role in the immune response through phagocytosis.
    • Natural killer (NK) cells are important for innate immunity against tumors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of daily IFN-alpha injections on peripheral monocyte phagocytic activity in cancer patients.
    • To explore the relationship between changes in monocyte phagocytosis and NK cell activity during IFN-alpha therapy.

    Main Methods:

    • 28 tumor patients received daily intramuscular injections of 3 X 10(6) units of IFN-alpha.
    • Monocyte phagocytic activity was assessed by their capacity to ingest yeast particles.
    • Natural killer (NK) cell activity was measured concurrently in some patients.

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    Main Results:

    • No significant change in monocyte phagocytosis was observed one day after initiating IFN-alpha therapy.
    • A progressive decrease in monocyte phagocytic activity was noted in most patients after 1 week, 3 months, 6 months, and 9 months of treatment.
    • A correlation was found between increased NK cell activity and decreased monocyte phagocytosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Long-term administration of IFN-alpha may suppress the phagocytic function of monocytes in cancer patients.
    • The observed inverse correlation suggests a potential immunomodulatory interplay between NK cells and monocytes under IFN-alpha treatment.
    • Further research is warranted to understand the clinical implications of these immune system alterations.