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Related Experiment Videos

Hepatitis B surface antigen in spinal fluid.

R J Spiegel, E Taber, P A Pizzo

    Medical and Pediatric Oncology
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is present in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of leukemia patients, even in blood-free samples. This indicates a potential transmission risk of hepatitis B to healthcare workers.

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Neurology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant global health concern.
    • Leukemia patients may have compromised immune systems, increasing susceptibility to infections.
    • The presence and implications of HBV in the central nervous system (CNS) are not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of leukemia patients.
    • To determine if HBsAg detection in CSF is associated with factors like cranial irradiation, lumbar punctures, or chemotherapy.
    • To assess the potential risk of hepatitis B transmission from CSF of infected patients to healthcare personnel.

    Main Methods:

    • Detection of HBsAg in serum and CSF samples from nine leukemia patients.

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  • Utilized a sensitive hemoglobin extraction technique to rule out occult blood contamination in CSF.
  • Correlated HBsAg presence in CSF with clinical factors such as cranial irradiation, prior lumbar punctures, and chemotherapy.

    • Main Results:

    • HBsAg was detected in the CSF of five out of nine leukemia patients who had HBsAg-positive sera.
    • CSF samples positive for HBsAg were confirmed to be free of occult blood.
    • The presence of HBsAg in CSF showed no correlation with cranial irradiation, prior lumbar punctures, or current chemotherapy.

    Conclusions:

    • Hepatitis B surface antigen is detectable in blood-free CSF specimens from HBsAg-positive leukemia patients.
    • Both blood-free and blood-contaminated CSF from HBsAg-positive individuals can contain detectable HBsAg.
    • Healthcare and laboratory personnel should exercise caution when handling CSF from HBsAg-positive patients due to potential hepatitis B transmission risk.