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Cancer mortality in a human isolate.

A O Martin, J K Dunn, J L Simpson

    Journal of the National Cancer Institute
    |November 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cancer mortality rates were significantly lower in the Hutterite population compared to the general U.S. white population, particularly for lung cancer, likely due to their prohibition of smoking.

    Area of Science:

    • Epidemiology
    • Genetics
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • The Hutterites represent a large, inbred religious isolate, offering a unique population for epidemiological studies.
    • Understanding cancer patterns in isolated groups can provide insights into genetic and environmental factors influencing disease.
    • Previous studies have suggested potential differences in disease prevalence within such communities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare cancer mortality rates in the Hutterite population with those of the general U.S. white population.
    • To identify specific cancer types with notable differences in incidence within this isolate.
    • To explore potential associations between genetic factors and observed cancer patterns.

    Main Methods:

    • A retrospective cohort study design was employed, analyzing cancer mortality data from 12,652 Hutterites between 1965 and 1977.

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  • Cancer mortality rates were compared against age- and sex-specific rates for the U.S. white population in 1970.
  • Statistical significance was assessed using appropriate epidemiological methods.

    • Main Results:

    • Overall cancer mortality was significantly lower in Hutterites than expected (P < 0.01).
    • A marked reduction in lung cancer deaths, especially among males, was observed, correlating with the religious prohibition of smoking.
    • Leukemia, digestive system, prostate, and female breast cancers were the most frequent; preliminary findings suggest a link between recessive alleles and childhood leukemia.

    Conclusions:

    • The Hutterite population exhibits a significantly lower overall cancer mortality, strongly influenced by lifestyle factors like non-smoking.
    • Specific cancer types, such as lung cancer, show marked differences, highlighting the impact of environmental exposures.
    • Further investigation into genetic predispositions, particularly for leukemia and familial cancer aggregates, is warranted.