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Early pulp changes after anterior maxillary osteotomy.

G R Sugg, R J Fonseca, I J Leeb

    Journal of Oral Surgery (American Dental Association : 1965)
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Maxillary sagittal and vertical displacement induced by surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion.

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    Segmental osteotomy in Macaca fascicularis monkeys showed good bone healing and revascularization. Most dental pulps remained vital, with sensory nerves regenerating fully within six months.

    Area of Science:

    • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
    • Dental Research
    • Primate Models in Regenerative Medicine

    Background:

    • Segmental osteotomy is a surgical technique used in orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery.
    • Understanding the pulpal response to such procedures is crucial for predicting treatment outcomes and patient recovery.
    • Previous studies have indicated potential risks to dental pulp vitality following bone displacement.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the pulpal reaction and healing capacity following anterior maxillary segmental osteotomy in a primate model.
    • To assess the revascularization and nerve regeneration within the dental pulp after surgical displacement and fixation.

    Main Methods:

    • Six adult female Macaca fascicularis monkeys underwent anterior maxillary segmental osteotomy involving incisors.

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  • A 2 mm distal displacement of the mobilized segment was performed, followed by a one-week splinting period.
  • Microangiography was used to evaluate bone revascularization, and histological examination assessed pulp vitality and nerve regeneration.

    • Main Results:

    • Bone healing and revascularization were successful, with minimal ischemia observed post-operation.
    • New bone formation bridged the osteotomy site by three months.
    • The majority of dental pulps in the mobilized segments and adjacent teeth remained vital, with temporary sensory nerve loss followed by complete regeneration by six months.

    Conclusions:

    • Anterior maxillary segmental osteotomy in Macaca fascicularis monkeys allows for successful bone healing and revascularization.
    • Dental pulp vitality is generally maintained, and sensory nerve regeneration occurs, indicating good pulp recovery potential after this procedure.