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Corneal toxicity with systemic cytarabine

G Hopen, B J Mondino, B L Johnson

American Journal of Ophthalmology

|April 1, 1981

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

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High-dose systemic cytarabine can cause temporary corneal toxicity in leukemia patients. Symptoms like eye pain and blurred vision resolve within a week without specific treatment.

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Oncology
Pharmacology

Background:

Cytarabine is a chemotherapy agent used to treat various cancers, including leukemia.
High-dose chemotherapy regimens are associated with potential side effects impacting multiple organ systems.

Observation:

Three leukemia patients receiving high-dose systemic cytarabine (3 g/m2) developed ocular symptoms.
Symptoms included eye pain, tearing, photophobia, and blurred vision, appearing 5-7 days after treatment initiation.

Findings:

All patients exhibited bilateral conjunctival hyperemia and corneal epithelial opacities.
Refractile microcysts were observed in the corneal epithelium, predominantly centrally.
These corneal changes resolved spontaneously within approximately one week.

Related Experiment Videos

Implications:

Systemic cytarabine, even at high doses, can induce corneal toxicity.
The mechanism is likely related to DNA synthesis inhibition in corneal epithelial cells.
Clinical awareness of these ocular side effects is crucial for managing patients on high-dose cytarabine therapy.