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Avian intrapulmonary chemoreceptors: respiratory response to a step decrease in PCO2

G S Mitchell, J L Osborne

    Respiration Physiology
    |May 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Intrapulmonary chemoreceptors (IPC) rapidly control breathing in chickens. These receptors, distinct from systemic ones, show a complex interaction influencing respiratory amplitude and frequency.

    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Respiratory Regulation
    • Avian Biology

    Background:

    • Chemoreceptors play a vital role in regulating breathing.
    • Intrapulmonary chemoreceptors (IPC) are sensitive to changes in carbon dioxide.
    • Understanding their specific contribution to respiratory control is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the specific contribution of intrapulmonary chemoreceptors (IPC) to the respiratory response in chickens.
    • To investigate the interaction between IPC and systemic chemoreceptors.

    Main Methods:

    • Anesthetized chickens were unidirectionally ventilated.
    • Step changes in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PICO2) were applied to one lung while the other remained constant.
    • Respiratory amplitude and frequency were monitored under different experimental conditions (IPC and systemic chemoreceptors active, only systemic active, only IPC active).

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    Main Results:

    • A rapid component of the transient respiratory response, completed within 25 seconds, was eliminated when pulmonary nerves were sectioned (systemic chemoreceptors alone).
    • A localized minimum in respiratory amplitude was observed during this rapid component, which was absent when only systemic or only IPC were active.
    • The results suggest IPC are responsible for the rapid component of the ventilatory response to decreased PICO2.

    Conclusions:

    • The rapid ventilatory response to decreased PICO2 in chickens is mediated by CO2-sensitive intrapulmonary chemoreceptors (IPC).
    • Intrapulmonary and systemic chemoreceptors do not act additively; their interaction in controlling respiratory amplitude and frequency is complex.