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[Acute leukemia associated with lactic acidosis]

W Druml, G Kleinberger, E Neumann

    Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift
    |January 31, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Acute leukemia can cause severe lactic acidosis due to increased lactic acid production by leukemic cells and impaired liver metabolism. Early diagnosis and prompt cytotoxic treatment are essential for managing this metabolic disturbance.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Biochemistry
    • Internal Medicine

    Context:

    • Acute leukemia patients can develop severe lactic acidosis.
    • Circulatory failure was excluded as a cause for elevated lactic acid.
    • Clinical symptoms included somnolence, hyperventilation, and abdominal pain.

    Purpose:

    • To describe the clinical course and metabolic disturbances in acute leukemia patients with severe lactic acidosis.
    • To investigate the underlying mechanisms of lactic acidosis in these patients.

    Summary:

    • Three acute leukemia patients presented with severe lactic acidosis (11.2–21.0 mmol/l).
    • Excessive lactic acidosis resulted from increased lactic acid production by leukemic cells and impaired hepatic metabolization.
    • Diminished hepatic gluconeogenesis was evidenced by severe hypoglycemia.

    Impact:

    • Highlights the link between acute leukemia and severe lactic acidosis.
    • Emphasizes the critical role of early diagnosis and prompt cytotoxic therapy.
    • Provides insights into metabolic derangements in leukemia, including hypoglycemia.

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