Congenital erythroleukemia. A case report

The disease of a four week old boy is described, which presented with papulous skin infiltrations, lethargy, anemia and bilateral testicular swelling. The investigation of bone marrow, cerebrospinal fluid and skin biopsy revealed infiltration by a leukemic process which could be identified by means of cytology and cytochemistry as erythroleukemia at the stage of erythremic myelosis. Death occurred 20 days after the onset of symptoms. Only one previous report of congenital erythroleukemia could be found in the literature. The findings are briefly discussed.