The condyle as a stress-distributing component of the temporomandibular joint

Even though the temporomandibular joint is loaded in function, it often arthroses under heavy use. The effects of stress to the joint are not well understood. This study utilized three-dimensional photo-elastic stress analysis to visualize the intensity and direction of stress within the mandibular condyle generated by various occlusal forces. Functional stress were shown to concentrate in the condylar neck, but were reduced within the condylar head due to its elliptical shape. Stress directions within the condyle were found to be non-preferential, varying with different mandibular positions. This supports the idea that the condyle is designed to receive light varied forces rather than heavy, cyclical unidirectional forces.