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Depression among incarcerated delinquents

J H Kashani, G W Manning, D H McKnew

    Psychiatry Research
    |October 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Adolescent depression is more prevalent in incarcerated delinquents (18%) than non-incarcerated peers (4%). Incarceration may contribute to developing depressive disorders, with sleep and appetite disturbances being common symptoms.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Adolescent Psychology
    • Criminology

    Background:

    • Adolescent mental health is a significant concern, particularly within the justice system.
    • Understanding the prevalence and contributing factors of depression in incarcerated youth is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the prevalence of depression in incarcerated delinquents compared to non-incarcerated adolescents.
    • To investigate the potential impact of incarceration on the development of depressive disorders.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM-III) criteria for major depressive disorders.
    • Assessed 100 consecutively admitted delinquents to a detention center and a comparison group of non-incarcerated, non-delinquent adolescents.

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  • Examined depression during and before incarceration, as well as new-onset depression within the detention center.

    • Main Results:

    • Prevalence of depression was 18% in incarcerated delinquents versus 4% in non-incarcerated peers.
    • Of 100 incarcerated delinquents, 11 had pre-existing or ongoing depression, and 7 developed depression during incarceration.
    • Common symptoms included sleep difficulties (100%) and appetite disturbances (94%); psychomotor changes were less frequent.

    Conclusions:

    • Incarcerated delinquents exhibit a significantly higher prevalence of depression.
    • The incarceration environment may play a role in the onset or exacerbation of depressive disorders in adolescents.
    • Sleep and appetite disturbances are key indicators of depression in this population.