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Corrosion of amalgams

D Brune

    Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research
    |December 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Dental amalgams release mercury particles initially, with zinc becoming the primary corrosion product over 30 days. Dispersed phase amalgams showed higher initial particulate release.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Biomaterials Science
    • Corrosion Science

    Background:

    • Dental amalgams are widely used restorative materials.
    • Understanding the corrosion behavior of amalgams is crucial for patient safety and material longevity.
    • Various amalgam compositions and phases exist, potentially influencing their degradation pathways.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify the release of metallic elements from different dental amalgam types.
    • To investigate the corrosion mechanisms and products over a 30-day period in artificial saliva.
    • To evaluate the chemical state and deposition of corrosion products.

    Main Methods:

    • Nuclear tracer techniques were employed to measure the release of copper, mercury, silver, tin, and zinc.
    • Three types of amalgams (conventional, dispersed phase, high copper) were immersed in artificial saliva.
    • X-ray diffraction analysis was used to identify surface deposits.

    Main Results:

    • Substantial mercury release as particulate matter occurred within hours, particularly from dispersed phase amalgams.
    • Zinc emerged as the predominant corrosion product released after 30 days for conventional and dispersed phase amalgams.
    • Copper oxychloride deposition (CuCl2·3Cu(OH)2) was observed on high copper amalgam surfaces.

    Conclusions:

    • Dental amalgam corrosion involves both particulate release and electrochemical processes.
    • Zinc is a significant corrosion product in dental amalgams under prolonged exposure.
    • The findings highlight the importance of amalgam composition and phase on corrosion behavior and potential ion release.

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