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Developmental patterns of human dental morphological traits

S R Saunders, J T Mayhall

    Archives of Oral Biology
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Dental trait expression shows a gradient from deciduous to permanent teeth, supporting developmental field concepts. Presence of traits like incisor shoveling in baby teeth predicts their appearance in adult teeth.

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    Area of Science:

    • Anthropology
    • Human Genetics
    • Developmental Biology

    Background:

    • Non-metric traits in human dentition provide insights into evolutionary and developmental processes.
    • Understanding the expression of these traits across deciduous and permanent dentitions is crucial for tracing developmental fields and genetic influences.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine the expression patterns of five non-metric dental traits in deciduous and permanent dentitions.
    • To investigate the concept of morphogenetic gradients in dental development.
    • To assess the association between trait presence in deciduous teeth and their permanent successors.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of a longitudinal series of dental casts from 827 children (Burlington Growth Centre study).
    • Examination of five specific non-metric traits: shovel-shaped incisors, Cusp 6, Cusp 7, protostylid on mandibular molars, and Carabelli trait on maxillary molars.
    • Statistical tests of association to evaluate trait inheritance and expression patterns.

    Main Results:

    • Observed changing trait frequencies support the concept of morphogenetic gradients from deciduous to permanent teeth.
    • A significant association was found between the presence of shovel-shaped incisors in deciduous dentition and their permanent successors.
    • Associations between traits on deciduous second molars and permanent molars support the view of the second deciduous molar belonging to the molar tooth district.

    Conclusions:

    • The gradient expression of dental morphological traits aligns with field or clone concepts of development.
    • Temporal spacing in human dental development may influence trait expression and intra-individual discordances.
    • Deciduous teeth serve as reliable indicators for the expression of certain non-metric traits in permanent dentition.

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