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Mortality patterns in eight U. K. oil refineries

M Alderson, L Rushton

    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Mortality among UK refinery workers showed significantly lower overall deaths than expected. Cancer deaths, particularly lung cancer, were reduced, though some gastrointestinal and rare cancers were slightly elevated.

    Area of Science:

    • Occupational Health
    • Epidemiology
    • Environmental Health

    Background:

    • The health effects of working in oil refineries are a significant public health concern.
    • Previous studies have indicated varied mortality patterns in industrial workers, necessitating specific cohort investigations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze mortality patterns in a large cohort of male UK refinery workers.
    • To identify specific causes of death and compare observed rates with expected rates based on the general population.

    Main Methods:

    • A retrospective cohort study of 35,000 male employees from 8 UK refineries (1950-1975).
    • Mortality data was tracked with a 99.8% trace rate.
    • Observed deaths were compared to expected deaths using standardized mortality ratios (SMRs).

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    Main Results:

    • Overall mortality was significantly lower than expected (SMR=0.84, P<0.00001).
    • Cancer mortality was also reduced (SMR=0.89, P=0.00006), with a notable decrease in lung cancer (SMR=0.78, P<0.00001).
    • Slight excesses were observed for esophageal, stomach, intestinal, and rectal cancers, as well as nasal cancer and melanoma, though some excesses were based on small numbers.

    Conclusions:

    • UK refinery workers in this cohort experienced lower overall and cancer-specific mortality than the general population.
    • While lung cancer risk was reduced, potential risks for certain gastrointestinal cancers and rare malignancies warrant further investigation.
    • The study highlights the importance of occupational cohort studies in understanding industry-specific health outcomes.