The aetiology and pathogenesis of bone resorption in chronic periodontal disease

Loss of bone is a characteristic feature of periodontitis and in later life assumes increasing importance as a cause of tooth morbidity and tooth loss. The rate, pattern and form of bone loss varies between individuals, from tooth to tooth and from tooth surface to tooth surface. This variation may be attributed to specific organisms or groups of organisms in subgingival plaque, factors that enhance plaque retention or factors that modify the course or nature of the disease. Certain high risk individuals should be identified at an early stage of the disease process. Plaque is the sole cause of periodontal disease and an effective plaque control programme is essential for periodontal health. The responsibility for maintaining an effective plaque control programme must rest primarily with the individual. The profession should provide active support by educating and instructing the patient and removing tooth deposits.