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Vindesine effect in myeloid leukemia

M Baccarani, A Zaccaria, G Corbelli

    Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Vindesine (VDS) chemotherapy showed significant effectiveness in reducing leukemic cells across various leukemia types. This vinca alkaloid derivative offers a promising option for treating acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and managing chronic myeloid leukemia in blastic metamorphosis.

    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Oncology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Vindesine (VDS), a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid, is an antineoplastic agent.
    • Leukemia encompasses a group of blood cancers, including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL).
    • CML can progress to a blastic metamorphosis (CML/BM) phase, often associated with a poor prognosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of vindesine (VDS) as a single-agent chemotherapy.
    • To assess the response rates of VDS in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), CML in blastic metamorphosis (CML/BM), and acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL).

    Main Methods:

    • Weekly administration of vindesine (VDS) at a dose of 3 mg/m2.
    • Single-agent chemotherapy treatment protocol.

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  • Inclusion of 36 patients: 7 with CML, 17 with CML/BM, and 12 with ANLL.

    • Main Results:

    • A substantial and rapid decrease in leukemic cells was observed in 31 out of 36 patients.
    • Treatment response was independent of leukemic cell phenotype and morphology.
    • VDS demonstrated significant activity in all studied leukemia subtypes.

    Conclusions:

    • Vindesine (VDS) is an effective agent for inducing rapid leukemic cell reduction in various leukemia types.
    • VDS shows potential for improving outcomes in polychemotherapy regimens for ANLL.
    • VDS is a valuable option for palliative care in patients with CML/BM.