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Topical corticosteroids and nasal reactivity

J A Wihl

    European Journal of Respiratory Diseases. Supplement
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Topical steroids like budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) effectively treat perennial rhinitis and nasal polyposis. Intranasal steroid therapy reduces nasal secretion, irritant receptor sensitivity, and inflammatory cell counts.

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    Area of Science:

    • Otolaryngology
    • Allergy and Immunology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • The causes of perennial non-allergic rhinitis and nasal polyposis remain unclear, with non-specific hyperreactivity as a key symptom.
    • Topical steroids have been used for a decade, but their precise mechanism of action is not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the efficacy and effects of intranasal budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) in patients with perennial rhinitis.
    • To enhance understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms of topical intranasal steroids.

    Main Methods:

    • Clinical trials involving 22 patients with perennial rhinitis treated with intranasal budesonide aerosol.
    • Comparative trial assessing beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) delivered as an aerosol versus powder.
    • Assessment of methacholine-induced nasal secretion, mucosal irritant receptor sensitivity, and inflammatory cell counts (basophils and eosinophils).

    Main Results:

    • Budesonide aerosol and both forms of BDP (aerosol and powder) demonstrated clinical efficacy.
    • Intranasal steroid treatment was found to reduce methacholine-induced nasal secretion.
    • Treatment also reduced the sensitivity of mucosal irritant receptors and decreased the number of basophilic and eosinophilic cells in nasal secretions.

    Conclusions:

    • Intranasal budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate are clinically effective treatments for perennial rhinitis.
    • Intranasal steroid therapy exerts physiological effects, including reduced nasal secretion, decreased receptor sensitivity, and modulation of inflammatory cell infiltration.

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