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Hyperacute allergic encephalomyelitis: a single determinant

F C Westall

    Immunological Communications
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (HEAE) induction failed in guinea pigs and rabbits using Bordetella pertussis. This suggests a single HEAE determinant exists across species capable of expressing it.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroimmunology
    • Microbiology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (HEAE) is a model for demyelinating diseases.
    • Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis) has been implicated in HEAE induction.
    • Species-specific differences in immune responses are well-documented.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the potential of B. pertussis and various species' basic proteins to induce HEAE.
    • To determine if a common encephalitogenic determinant exists across different species.

    Main Methods:

    • Guinea pigs and rabbits were challenged with specific doses of B. pertussis.
    • Basic proteins from guinea pig, Lewis rat, human, bovine, porcine, monkey, and rabbit were used.
    • Encephalitogenicity was assessed by observing HEAE induction.

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    Main Results:

    • HEAE could not be induced in guinea pigs or rabbits with the tested B. pertussis doses.
    • The encephalitogenic region for Lewis rats did not induce HEAE in rabbits or guinea pigs.
    • No HEAE was observed across different species using homologous or heterologous basic proteins.

    Conclusions:

    • B. pertussis, at the doses tested, is not encephalitogenic in guinea pigs and rabbits.
    • A single, conserved HEAE determinant is likely responsible for HEAE induction across species.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the HEAE determinant and its cross-species reactivity.