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Fat absorption in the newborn

J T Harries

    Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica. Supplement
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Newborns have limited fat digestion due to low pancreatic lipase and bile salt activity. Lingual lipase and bile salt-stimulated lipase (BS-SL) are crucial for compensating fat absorption in infants.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal nutrition
    • Gastroenterology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Newborns, especially premature infants, exhibit low pancreatic lipase and esterase activity.
    • Compromised bile salt metabolism in neonates can lead to defective intraluminal lipolysis and micellar solubilisation.
    • These factors contribute to steatorrhea and significant energy loss in newborns.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the compensatory roles of lingual lipase and bile salt-stimulated lipase (BS-SL) in neonatal fat absorption.
    • To understand the mechanisms by which these enzymes facilitate energy utilization in newborns.

    Main Methods:

    • The study focuses on the enzymatic properties and secretion sites of lingual lipase and BS-SL.
    • Physicochemical properties of lingual lipase suited for gastric passage and small intestine action were examined.

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  • The characteristics of BS-SL, including its lack of positional specificity and optimal bile salt concentration for activation, were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Lingual lipase, secreted by von Ebner's glands, is well-suited for gastric passage and stimulates pancreatic lipase activity.
    • Bile salt-stimulated lipase (BS-SL), also known as milk lipase, effectively promotes fat absorption in newborns.
    • BS-SL exhibits no positional specificity on triglyceride molecules and functions optimally at low bile salt concentrations.

    Conclusions:

    • Lingual lipase and BS-SL play vital compensatory roles in overcoming the limited digestive capacity of newborns.
    • These enzymes are critical for efficient fat absorption and energy provision in the neonatal period.
    • Understanding these mechanisms is essential for optimizing nutritional strategies in infants.