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Bacteremia in childhood

E R Wald, J M Minkowski

    Southern Medical Journal
    |July 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Pediatric bacteremia caused by Hemophilus influenzae type b and Streptococcus pneumoniae is common in children under 10. Hemophilus influenzae type b infections predominantly affect infants, while Streptococcus pneumoniae infections occur more evenly in the first two years of life.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
    • Bacteriology
    • Clinical Microbiology

    Background:

    • Bacteremia in young children poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
    • Understanding the epidemiology of common bacterial pathogens is crucial for pediatric care.
    • Distinguishing between Hemophilus influenzae type b and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections is vital due to differing clinical presentations and management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze and compare the bacteriology of Hemophilus influenzae type b and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in a pediatric population.
    • To investigate the age distribution, common sources, and clinical characteristics of these bacteremic infections.
    • To evaluate the utility of repeat blood cultures in managing occult pneumococcal bacteremia.

    Main Methods:

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    • Retrospective review of bacteriology records from a University Hospital pediatric service over 30 months.
    • Identification and analysis of cases with Hemophilus influenzae type b and Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremia in children under 10.
    • Correlation of pathogen type with patient age, identified infection source, and treatment outcomes.

    Main Results:

    • 42 cases of Hemophilus influenzae type b and 30 cases of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremia were identified.
    • Hemophilus influenzae type b bacteremia was predominantly seen in children under 2 years (88%), particularly in the first year of life.
    • Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremia occurred more evenly across the first two years of life (7% in <2 years), with otitis media and pneumonia as frequent sources; 37% had no obvious source.

    Conclusions:

    • Hemophilus influenzae type b bacteremia has a distinct age predilection in infants compared to Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremia.
    • Central nervous system infections were the most common source for Hemophilus influenzae type b, while otitis media and pneumonia were frequent for Streptococcus pneumoniae.
    • Repeat blood cultures are valuable in guiding antibiotic therapy for occult pneumococcal bacteremia.