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Induced vestibular dysfunction in squirrel monkeys during rapid decompression

J P Landolt, K E Money, E D Topliff

    Acta Oto-Laryngologica
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Decompression sickness can cause dizziness and instability due to vestibular apparatus damage. Histological studies show new bone growth in the inner ear, impairing function and threatening divers.

    Area of Science:

    • Oto-neurology
    • Diving Medicine
    • Histopathology

    Background:

    • Decompression sickness (DCS) can cause neurological symptoms like dizziness and postural instability.
    • The precise cause of these symptoms, whether central nervous system or vestibular damage, remains debated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the primary cause of vestibular symptoms in decompression sickness.
    • To elucidate the histological changes in the vestibular apparatus following decompression exposure.

    Main Methods:

    • Histological examination of vestibular tissues from monkeys exposed to decompression.
    • Analysis of bone growth and its impact on otic fluid spaces and vestibular end organs.

    Main Results:

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  • Decompression sickness primarily damages the vestibular apparatus, leading to symptoms.
  • Histological findings reveal new bone growth occluding semicircular canal fluid spaces.
  • Significant bone growth can render vestibular end organs non-functional, diminishing vestibular function.

    • Conclusions:

    • Vestibular apparatus damage is the main cause of DCS-related dizziness and instability.
    • New bone formation within the otic system is a key pathological finding.
    • Impaired vestibular function poses a significant risk to divers.